@article {3905, title = {Cortex Is Cortex: Ubiquitous Principles Drive Face-Domain Development}, journal = {Trends in Cognitive Sciences}, year = {2018}, month = {11/2018}, abstract = {

Powell, Kosakowski, and Saxe [1] argued in a recent review that two bottom-up models previously proposed to account for the development of face domains in inferotemporal cortex (IT) 2, 3 are insufficient to explain the existing data. They proposed instead that face domains are predisposed to process faces via selective connectivity to social information in medial prefrontal cortex. Here we explain why activity-dependent mechanisms acting on a retinotopic proto-architecture provide a sufficient explanation for the development of face, and other category, domains...

}, keywords = {development, face domains, self-organizing systems}, issn = {13646613}, doi = {10.1016/j.tics.2018.10.009}, url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1364661318302572}, author = {Margaret S Livingstone and Michael J Arcaro and Peter F Schade} } @article {3039, title = {Seeing faces is necessary for face-domain formation}, journal = {Nature Neuroscience}, volume = {5631628}, year = {2017}, month = {09/2017}, abstract = {

Here we report that monkeys raised without exposure to faces did not develop face domains, but did develop domains for other categories and did show normal retinotopic organization, indicating that early face deprivation leads to a highly selective cortical processing deficit. Therefore, experience must be necessary for the formation (or maintenance) of face domains. Gaze tracking revealed that control monkeys looked preferentially at faces, even at ages prior to the emergence of face domains, but face-deprived monkeys did not, indicating that face looking is not innate. A retinotopic organization is present throughout the visual system at birth, so selective early viewing behavior could bias category-specific visual responses toward particular retinotopic representations, thereby leading to domain formation in stereotyped locations in inferotemporal cortex, without requiring category-specific templates or biases. Thus, we propose that environmental importance influences viewing behavior, viewing behavior drives neuronal activity, and neuronal activity sculpts domain formation.

}, issn = {1097-6256}, doi = {10.1038/nn.4635}, url = {http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/nn.4635}, author = {Michael J Arcaro and Peter F Schade and Vincent, Justin L and Carlos R Ponce and Margaret S Livingstone} }